# 20. Course Reflection

    I learned a lot from this class about the importance of diversity. My classmates are from different countries and have different ages. Since there were lots of discussion and presentation, I could see what they value and could understand them more based on their own culture. Also, I realized that our English accent is different so I couldn't understand everything what our classmates said. They also did to me. ;) On the other hand, from that reason I thought I was not a wrong person in this country and we are just different.

    In addition, it helped a lot to improve my English. Through lots of presentation, I could practice many times. I'm still nervous to present in front of people but at least I started thinking I could be better in the future. Also, writing homework helped a lot. The professor encouraged to express my critical thinking on writing, so I didn't have to worry about grammar a lot. Thus, I could focus on my idea constantly so it also affected in my other writing in a good way.

    Furthermore, I got new way of thinking. I can think more critically about reality, society, and my own place in society. I started look myself how I've been influenced by culture.

* My best part of pop culture class

    I liked that pop culture class made us to participate actively. Most people don't think learning is fun, but the class showed me that it is. It was amazing experience that I could learn this subject at school because I've never imagine that. Also, I could feel some warm atmosphere in the class because pop culture study probably started from interesting in human and because of my cute classmates and the cool teacher.

    In conclusion, I can say that I am now better prepared and more confident about my goal of attending college.

Thank you so much! 💜         

                                                                           

# 7. Movie Genre

< 8 main categories of film >

• Comedy: witty, humor, slapstick, mistaken identity
• Action: chase sequences, fight scene, gun violence, race
• Crime: robberies, rival gangs, murders, capers
• Horror: urban legends, ghost stories, survival horror, occult
• Melodramas: terminal illness, maternal figure, broken relationships
• Musicals: singing and dancing
• Romance: falling in love, true love, forbidden love, broke-up and reconciliation
• Sci-Fi: space travel, doomsday, UFO, Alien, android, future world

# 19. New Visual Project

 Tool: iMovie 

- Pictures from Raised by Wolves

- Music (Golden Eyes) by Jeehye

I made a music video with pictures from Raised by Wolves which is an American Sci-Fi TV show in HBO in 2020. I loved this TV show so I even made the song. 

Link:

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1vf8wtFDVUTmq3UFrfRac7-TusXAcSkDK/view?usp=sharing

#18. UNIQUE Pop Culture Websites

 1) Korean Film Archive (Korean Movies)

https://eng.koreafilm.or.kr/main

2) RYM (Online database of music releases/vote and review for Album by listeners )https://rateyourmusic.com/

3) pixpills (Illustration/design/animation/indie artists) 

http://pixpills.com/

#17. A cool pop culture app

 👀Wattpad- Read & Write Stories

    Anyone can create their own story and make a book in this app. Then, readers can choose what they want to read, and they can vote, leave comments. Therefore, people who love to write and read can enjoy various stories and communicate each other actively. 

# 16. Summary of one new text

 Greg Tate Celebrated Hip-Hop Journalist and Cultural Critic, Dies at 64

    Tate worked for documenting the birth of hip-hop in the first wave of journalism. He documented and analyzed hip-hop music since 80s. 

    Tate had co-founded the Black Rock Coalition in 1985 which was correct unfairness(injustice) in the music industry by offering resources to Black artists. He also worked at The Village Voice for 16 years, remains a lot of writing about hip-hop, Black musicians, and  pop culture from a critical point of view. 

    He wrote several books that are critical essays, such as, 1992's Flyboy and the Buttermilk, 2016's Flyboy 2 , Midnight Lightening: Jimi Hendrix and the Black Experience in 2003, Everything but the Burden: What White People Are Taking From Black Culture. He also was a musician in an jazz ensemble and he was working on a book about James Brown. 

#15. Pop Culture in my Culture

Protest Culture in Korean Film

Slide 1: Intro 

Before starting, I will show you a movie trailer. Can you guess what is this movie about?

Over 12 M people watched this movie, one for five people/about 25% of Korean people watched the movie in 2017. This is based on true story in the 80s. 

택시운전사(2017) example: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bB7z4Xn5oNA

Slide 2: Background

What happened in South Korea in the 80s ?

There were two major dictators in South Korea who control the country using military power. 

-Gwangju Uprising (1980): democratic protest by students and citizens in a local city, 600 killed/3000 wounded. But students in Gwangju, local city, started protest against the military dictatorship.

Also, In 1987, two college students killed by government, it made people very angry, so tons of people participated in this protest nationally. June struggle led to changing the law for democracy and labor (working class) movement. 

Slide 3: movie posters

After finishing dictatorship, since the 90s, movies with protests has started to come out. Many Korean people are proud of their protest history and accomplishment that people made. Even though there are still many people who don’t like protests in Korea, young people experience protest culture indirectly through these movies. Also, there are lots of protests scenes in Korean TV shows. 

 Slide 4: President withdrawal movement

2016/10~2017/4

the most amazing event got influent from protest culture was president withdrawal movement. the President committed lots of corruption and it made people very angry so many people started gather every weekend to impeach (kick off) the President. All protest were peaceful demonstrations with holding only one candle. Finally, the president was impeached and went to a jail. I also participated this protest with my friends. Most impressive thing about this pretest was that there were many families joined. Young parents came to the main plaza with their young kids.  

Also, I met various people in other protests. There were disabled, young women, LGBTQ, and teenagers.

Slide 5: Why I choose this topic?

Protest culture in Korean movies make us think about human right and it helps seeing the government from a critical perspective. see how to express our opinion against our government. 

My generation didn’t learn about 80s protests at school. Also, there was no adult who told me about it at home. However, pop culture (movies) teach me important thing that I didn’t learn at school and home.      

It’s been more than 30 years, Korean people can see our distorted history and younger generation who don’t know about the 80s can experience indirectly through movies and see their government from a critical perspective. 

#12. Summary of Blues/Rap

 

<Blues> 

- Slave music : African American expressed their experience as slaves, started from Mississippi Delta

- Work songs : African Americans sang in the fields while working to ease pain and communicate

(It was from African music : singing conversation/call and back)

In 1985, They were not slaves anymore but there was no equality. In this time music instruments used for blues music

-Great Migration (1910~1960) : 2million of African American people moved to Detroit and Chicago area to look for a job and more freedom and Country Blues and City Blues music progressed there. Also, they played electric guitars. 

-  European musicians played Mississippi Delta Blues songs, adopted blues music style and it became a root of Rock & Roll music. Blues has influenced lots of music genres and also people played as protest songs for Civil Rights. 

<Rap>

Origin: West Africa. Griots who were African storytellers told rhythmic stories over the simple beat of a drum. 

It was a subculture in the late 70s in poor neighborhoods but in the 80s, as Michael Jackson became pop star, hip hop culture include rap music was getting attention. It started at parties and people made loops with record turntables. And MC how is master of ceremony at the party talked over the loop, it became a rap. Rap has made three elements such as content(=lyrics), flow(rhythm and rhymes), and delivery(tone, speed).  

# 10. Music Genre

 1. Bluegrass: 1940s, UK, type of folk music, play Banjo

 2. Rhythm & Blues: late 40s~50s, mix of soul, funk, pop, .. ex) Muddy Waters

 3. Rock & Roll: 50s~,  electric band sound, fuzz, riff gutiars, influent by blues ex) Rolling Stones

 4. Motown: 50s~,  Black vocalists, upbeat, pop style of R&B, danceable arrangement

 5. 60s British Invasion: dominated U.S. music scene in 60s ex) Beatles

 6. Disco : Started from Disco club, mixture music such as funk, soul, R & B, pop,..hippie and psychedelic subculture

 7. Raggae: late 60s, Jamaica music, ex) Bob Marley

 8. Glam Rock: make-up, visual is important, gender fluid fashion  ex) David Bowie

 9. Heavy Metal: heavy distortion guitar sound, growling vocal  ex) Metalica

10. Punk: subculture, political lyrics, anti-normal  ex) Ramonse

11. New Wave: 80s music, based on synth sound   ex) Joy Division

12. House: Electronic, stared from house party

13. Techno: Electronic, DJ, club music, Started from Germany

#14. Reflection of Music

1. Aha moment

    When I learned how American white people admired African American musicians and their music through Blues history, I thought it was ironic because white people discriminated African American. However, they covered blues music and adopted as a different style. Thus, blues became roots of American music and shaped American culture. I think that reason people like blues that much was that it expressed well emotions of people. In many cases, music makes people forget their belief, race, religion. Also, I think that music is one of the purest tools for expression of people’s emotions. Regardless which side someone is on, anyone listens to touching music will feel the same way at the moment.  

2. Bumper Sticker

Everyone same in the music

3. Critical Insight

    I learned that most of popular songs are getting similar through reading an article “Scientists just discovered why all pop music sounds exactly the same”. Also, the more certain music sells, the more similar music is produced, and music industry makes same music and promotes because they want to make more profit. When I saw American Top 40 chart, there were several songs by same musicians. Before listening that songs in the chart, I already could see that a few famous musicians dominate most of the chart and I could expect that the music will be similar. It didn’t look interesting anymore because I felt like I already knew the end of the movie. 

    In addition, it became true that radio stations play a lot of specific music purposely. Prof. Gitte said that every time she turned on the car radio recently, a same song from Adel’s new album played. She might became a big fan of Adel now because she forced listen to Adel’s music every day. Of course, I don’t doubt that Adel’s new music will be good. However, I’m sure many listeners are missing the opportunity to listen to diverse music. 

4. I didn’t know that

    I didn’t know that hip hop is a culture because I thought it was just one of the music genres. However, I learned hip hop is a culture including rap, graffiti, fashion, break-dancing through a lecture in class. I could imagine that people developed their hip hop culture as a street culture because I learned it started from poor neighborhood. Also, it was interesting that rap started at a party. Maybe the characteristic of rap that has free style came from this natural beginning.   

#13. Playlist

https://open.spotify.com/playlist/1Wi68WJgh4b9K0bqAdHqZR?si=b37b1abd1def4a72

1. A song that is from a genre that is new to me

Ladysmith Black Mambazo - Jomba Mlaleli

World music is a genre that is from non western countries. Ladysmith Black Mambazo is a South African group. People call the music genre is township jazz. Township is urban area of South Africa. 

2. A song from my parents' generation

Lee mi ja - Dongbaek Agassi (1964)

Slow and sad song that a young lady waits someone who won't come back. This song expresses about women's suffering from the war at that time.

3. A song that shows my generation's values

Seotaiji and Boys - 난 알아요 (I know) (1992) 

This song is mixed of genres (hiphop+rap+rock+electronic+remix...), dancing performance, lyrics that has no meaning, sometimes resist older generations. My generation consider that performance and styles of music and artists are more important than lyrics. Many young people copied Seotaiji and Boys dance and fashion style at that time and older generations dislike it.   

4. A song from a different culture 

Afro Cuban All Star - A Toda Cuba Le Gusta (1997)

The genre of this song is Afro Cuban jazz or Latin jazz that is a kind of jazz with Latin American rhythms. It developed by Cuban immigrants in the U.S. They brought Afro-cuban rhythms and instruments such as the conga and the bongo. 

5. A song whose lyrics I can explain

Mitski - Your Best American Girl 

If I could, I'd be your little spoon
And kiss your fingers forevermore
But, big spoon, you have so much to do
And I have nothing ahead of me

You're the sun, you've never seen the night
But you hear its song from the morning birds
Well, I'm not the moon, I'm not even a star
But awake at night I'll be singing to the birds

Don't wait for me, I can't come

Your mother wouldn't approve of how my mother raised me
But I do, I think I do
And you're an all-American boy
I guess I couldn't help trying to be your best American girl

You're the one
You're all I ever wanted
I think I'll regret this

Your mother wouldn't approve of how my mother raised me
But I do, I finally do
And you're an all-American boy
I guess I couldn't help trying to be the best American girl

Your mother wouldn't approve of how my mother raised me

But I do, I think I do

As an Asian-American girl, she feels that she is not accepted by white community. Her mother is Japanese and the mom maybe raised her daughter Mitski based on Japanese culture but she looks like confused because she is not complete Japanese nor American. Also, she says that the American boy can't understand her because they have advantages as a white American people and don't have experiences that she has suffered as an Asian-American girl. 

6. My all-time favorite song

Smashing Pumpkins - Mayonaise (2011)

I loved the album "Siamese Dream" that included this song. I don't understand the lyrics well but it feels like comfort me. Also, intro guitar riff makes me relax and the arrangement makes me feel nostalgia and the melody move my heart emotionally. 

#11. A song that moved me

 Alison - Slowdive

Listen close and don't be stoned

I'll be here in the morning

cause I'm just floating

while your cigarette still burns

Your messed up world will thrill me 

Alison I'm lost

Alison I said we're sinking. 

There are nothing here but that's ok...

    When I became a college student after graduated high school in Korea, I thought that everything would get better. However, the school wasn't good fit for me. It was a nursing college. The only reason that I entered the school was getting a job, but I didn't like every classes and I skipped classes a lot. I didn't want to stay at home neither because it was unhappy to stay with my family. I started dating with boys but I felt no one loves me. I felt lonely and useless. 

    One day, I met one guy who was a musician and 12 years older than me. He invited people every weekend, had a party, and turned on lots of music with a CD player at his shabby apartment. When I heard this song first time there, I felt like I was in the heaven or dream. Because the drone guitar sound and beautiful melody took me an another world from the pain in my real life. Also, the lyrics was like talking about friends who I met his apartment, looked lonely and had some problems like me. It was comfort me because I wasn't the only one. It still reminds me the apartment, people who were there, and the nights when I listen to this song.

#9. Unit Reflection: Movies

1. Aha Moment

I read that 90% of the audience of Tyler Perry’s movie was African American from Tyler Perry’s Money Machine. I was surprised how many African Americans had waited for their own movies. In addition, I realized that most movies and TV shows that I’ve watched were white people centered. Despite the growing numbers of movies and TV shows with various races, most of the important roles are white. Thus, it is quite understandable that Tyler Perry runs his own business related to black community. 

2. Bumper Sticker: Movie is Life

3. Critical Insight

    I’ve learned differences of Hollywood movies and indie movies. However, when I went to the CIFF, I was confused. I saw two movies. The first movie Cinema Sabaya has a simple and relatable plot. The second movie Memoria has a weird plot and was quite experimental. I chose Cinema Sabaya in the movie list because it looked interesting, and I chose Memoria because it was one of the best movies the festival picked and starred Tilda Swinton. I liked both. Cinema Sabaya was fun and emotional, and Memoria was serious and a new experience. However, only the theater where Memoria screen was crowded, and the audience clapped. I thought both were indie movies but sometimes the boundaries were ambiguous. There might be no money for indies but at least authority. 

4. I didn’t know that

  I didn’t know when and how the American movie industry developed. Through watching video and lectures about film history, I learned that most inventions about photography occurred in Europe such as in France and the UK. However, it seems that American movie industry has developed quickly from the 1910s more than Europe. It shows that the U.S. had many resources and a lot of money to make movies at that time. The U.S. was probably making lots of money when other countries were suffering from wars, poverty, and colonialization. Therefore, they could invest in their movie industry and make a lot of movies. People who lived in countries where they couldn’t make well-made movies would love American movies. Thus, I could imagine how American movies and culture could spread all over the world. 

#8. The Movie Poster

Movie Poster<RAIDERS>  by Jeehye Ham 

    Cathy is a single mom who lives with her father and her young daughter. She is working as a secretary at a news company. She is very kind but she makes a lot of jokes, so people around her laugh at her. One day, she gets a phone call from a stranger at work. He says that some people are trying to take over the world and sould report this dangerous situation to the world. Cathy thinks that this is the opportunity for her because she always wants to be a journalist. She wants to make a report, so she sneaks in to the enemy's base and disguises herself as a spy. She finds there are two groups of people. One is a cult group and the other is a rich group who is using the government to make the profit. Two groups are planning to take over the world by spreading a virus. Unintensionally, Cathy starts destroying the relationship two groups with her weirdness...

https://www.canva.com/design/DAEuoKPwW1s/view?utm_content=DAEuoKPwW1s&utm_campaign=designshare&utm_medium=link&utm_source=publishsharelink

Movie Review "Memoria" at CIFF

The 21st century’s cinematic view of the Melting Clocks (The Persistence of Memory by Salvador Dali)

The movie title that I saw at the CIFF is Memoria that was made in 2021. The director is Apichatpong Weerasethakul who is from Thailand, and the movie filmed in Colombia. Not only Thailand and Colombia participated in this movie but France, Germany, Mexico, China too. The film stars Tilda Swinton (Scotland), Elkin Diaz (Colombia), Jeanne Balibar (France), Juan Pablo Urrego (Colombia), and Daniel Gimenez Cacho (Mexico). Memoria was produced by Kick the Machine (Thailand), Burning Blue (Colombia), Anna Sanders Films (France), The Match Factory, Piano (Mexico), Xstream Pictures (China), and iQIYI (China). This movie overturns the concept of sense (of time and space) that people are aware of surroundings, and makes the audiences experience how the memories from thousands of years ago or the memories of others can be delivered to others through surrealistic techniques. 

    Jessica (Tilda Swinton) visits Bogota, Colombia where her sister is living with her Colombian husband and she started listening to loud, metallic bang sound from her room. She visits young sound engineer Hernan (Juan Pablo Urrego) to make the same sound that she has heard. She also meets Agnes (Jeanne Balibar) who is studying human bones from 3,000 years ago. Later, she encounters old Hernan (Elkin Diaz) in the woods near the construction site where the human bones were found. Then, they start a conversation and share their memories with each other. Each event isn’t connected and so audiences can’t see the narrative as a whole.  

    There is interesting camerawork and no background music in this movie. Shooting techniques are very simple compared to complex ideas. Most of the scenes were filmed with fixed long shots so the main character always exists with the surrounding landscape and people. It makes the audience focus on the overall atmosphere and not on the characters’ emotions. It feels like each scene is a fixed artwork and realistic with no background music. For this reason, when something strange happens in the movie, it looks even more strange.

Memoria is a special movie because it will expand people’s thinking. It can linger in your mind so much that it’s burdensome. However, it will change the concept of space, time, and sound that we had in our daily life. Even though there are lots of metaphors that people can’t understand immediately, it can lead people to the joy of interpretation that lasts longer than the movie’s actual running time. In fact, I could see many young people discussing the movie after it was over at the theater. Also, people can learn that movies have more diverse functions than just entertainment. Memoria is different from Hollywood movies that audiences only passively enjoy. By destroying the narrative but making each scene independently, it allows the audience to connect the divided events and find the meanings actively.

#5: Team Presentation 80s Pop Cuture

 These are my parts of the team presentation about 80s Pop culture.

• Objects: Walkman and PC 

Walkman made by Japanese company, Sony. It is portable cassette player, and release 1979. This caught on globally from early 80s. By 1989 over 100 million Walkmans had been sold worldwide. Personal Computers developed quickly and became popular. I will show you Apple Macintosh Advertising video. It shows the era of groups is gone and the era of individuals is coming. So, we can imagine that computers and music became personalized in the 80s. 

• Event: Berlin Wall Torn Down (1989)

On 9 November 1989, East German communist government resigned and Berlin Wall torn down. The fall of the Berlin Wall marked the symbolic end of the Cold War. 80s TV star David Hasselhoff performed at the Berlin Wall, "Looking for Freedom". His great-great grandmother from Germany. 

• People: Michael Jackson

People call him "King of Pop", and say he broke racial barriers. His album Thriller (1982) won 9 Grammy Awards. His music video helped propel the success of MTV. The album's success set the standard for the music industry with its songs, music videos and promotion strategies influencing artists, record labels, producers, marketers, and choreographers.

• Conclusion

In the 80s, lots of new things become popular such as video games, computers, music videos, so on. New technology, new media influenced people to dream of a bright future. So, people wore bright colors, colorful make-up, and dancing become popular. Today, we remember the 80s through these bright colors and dance style.

#6: Unit 2: Reflection of Introduction of Pop Culture

    

    I've learned that pop culture is necessary part in our daily lives through the text and lecture. This is also a reason why we study pop culture. That means people can meet pop culture every day and everywhere. We don't have to find it in some secret island. You can find pop culture on TV, Twitter, and waling on the street. Your friends and family are talking about it. However, you don't have time to think like 'why do I have to know this?' at that moment. Because you are already exposed to pop culture. Are there any way people can avoid it? I feel often only two options are given to me. Do I like it? Or do I dislike it?

    I've learned that pop culture makes connection between people through TED Talk videos, and that pop culture is considered inferior through the YouTube video. Pop culture is like small talk. It's not something we have to do, but it's good. People can have small talk with friends and even their boss or teacher. While having small talk, people don't talk about anything that could cause argument like religion and politics. They talk about weather, TV shows, sports, and so on. Someone who is really good at small talk could be popular because this person makes other people feel good. Also, people don't need to remember what they talk about because that is not important. The important thing is that small talk makes people relax and have fun. In contrast, there are some people who don't like small talk. They might want to talk more seriously about books or movies that they saw. They might think talking about celebrities is waste of time. Some of them might have guilty pleasures such as hiding and watching Housewives. 

    Among people who consider pop culture to be inferior, some night think the masses (general public) are manipulated by capitalists and they are stupid. However, through lectures and discussions, I've learned that pop culture is something that common people prefer and value. Many people choose one thing and that can become a part of pop culture. Thus, common people are not manipulated by someone. People have a choice, but the category of choice that we can find easily will be within certain limits. Then I wonder, who makes this category of choice?

My Aha moment was...

    While I was preparing a team project for 80s pop culture, I was surprised that my team member had no idea about the 80s. Of course, she had not lived that decade, but I had. Some things like movies and TV shows were obviously pop culture to me from the 80s, but my team member had no clue about them. I realized that pop culture is not fixed in time at that moment like the Walkman which was popular in the 80s but became subculture now.

Bumper Sticker

- Pop is Never Bored

- You're So Pop! (=You're so entertain/talented.)

I didn't know that

    I've never heard the word "fad" before. I found lots of fads from the 40s to the 2010s through a crazy fad website and sharing with classmates in class. I have always tried to find some meaning and reason in the class, but I could enjoy this time without thinking. Of course, there might be background and story behind those fads, but my first thought was that it was fun in itself. From toys to just short silly words, I felt people always wanted to find something fun in their life. People seen to keep inventing something new against boring life.

#4: Pop Star Presentation

This is my Pop Star "Kurt Cobain."  Pop Star PPT

Slide1:  I think almost everyone knows this song, or people have ever listened this song at least one time.

This handsome guy is Kurt Cobain. He was a musician, singersong-writer, and rock band NIRVANA’s frontman.

He is one of the best well known rock star in the world. People say Kurt Cobain is the last rock star icon. Because rock music is not that popular music anymore for young generation these days. 

Slide 2: He was born in 1967 in Washington state. His mom was a waitress and father was a mechanic. He had been

interested in drawing and music and his childhood was unhappy, after his parents got divorced. He lived with his father and moved to mother’s house and friend’s house. He dropped high school and left home. And he formed rock band NIRVANA and released 1st album in underground music scene and 1991 the legendary album NERVERMIND has been released worldwide. NIRVANA has sold this album over 30 million copies worldwide. Nirvana became a mainstream band, X-generation’s Icon.  He got married with Courtney Love who was also musician and had a baby. At the same time, he was struggling with drug addiction, depression, and excessitve media attention. He entered rehap for detox but escaped and committed suicide at his house when he was 27. 

Slide 3: Grunge based on Seattle in Washington. As NIRVANA became famous, many underground bands in Seattle became popular.
Popularized Grunge Style – Fashion, music, movies

Slide 4: The 4months baby on the album NERVERMIND became 30 now. He filed lawsuit against the band because he said that he was traumatize for life. 

Kurt changed rock star’s image. He hated Macho guys and opposed sexism, homophobia and supported abortion. He affected a lot my generation, which is Generation X. Even though rock music was not mainstream in Korea, my friends and I liked rock music, watched MTV, read music magazines, wore grunge clothes, and listened to alternative music. Kurt Cobain was always there.

Slide 5: Kurt’s wife Courtney Love was critisized a lot by the public and media and he asked people at the music festival like this.

#3 : Fads

     I will introduce two fads in 1960s~1970s.  

1. Smiley Faces

    The smiley face was invented from Harvey Ross Ball. He designed this smiley face for an advertising of an insurance company to make posters and pin-buttons. In 1971, small businessmen and brothers, Burnard and Murray Spain copyrighted and claimed full credit for the smiley face design. They added a slogan “Have a Happy Day” with the smiley face. By end of the year, they had sold over 50 million products with this design. They use this smiley face from coffee mug to even soldier’s helmet. However, Ball, the original creator was only paid 45$ for this design in 1963.    

2. Love Beads

    Love beads started from Hippies who had expressed love, peace, and not war with their fashion. Hippies called long, colorful, various patterned strings of beads, love beads. This term was established in 1965. Hippies had wrapped many beads on their neck, wrists, waist, and ankles. Even there were about 3 meter beads. They copied Indian, African, and Native American jewelry style as they pursued non-western cultures. There are various materials for beads such as wood, ceramic, glass, metal but real beads were made of seeds and nuts. Love beads also were common sign to show a friendship and good attitude between people. People purchased love beads at a store or made at home.